Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Belgium has a long-standing tradition of participating in international exhibitions and has also hosted them on several occasions.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
A Trip Down Memory Lane
Taking part in international exhibitions helps Belgium to build the reputation of the country as a whole, as well as that of its various communities and regions. A Belgian pavilion or garden is a temporary physical representation of Belgium abroad, and its aim is to generate interest in Belgium with a view to promoting tourism and investment.
Expo 2020 Dubai, Floriade 2022 Almere and Expo 2025 Osaka are the three most recent expos in which Belgium has taken part. Belgium has also hosted a world exhibition on several occasions in the past. Expo 1958 is the best-known example of this.
Belgium and the International Exhibitions
Expo 1851 London
De allereerste wereldtentoonstelling vond plaats in Londen in 1851 onder de noemer "The Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations". De Expo vond plaats terwijl de Industriële Revolutie in volle gang was.
De eerste wereldtentoonstelling was te bezoeken in Crystal Palace, gelegen in Hyde Park. België was daar ook aanwezig als een van de 25 deelnemende landen en kreeg voor de expo een eigen sectie.
In de Belgische sectie stonden verschillende standbeelden. Een van die standbeelden was van Godfrey de Bouillon gemaakt door Eugène Simonis. Dat standbeeld is tegenwoordig terug te vinden op het Place Royale in Brussel. Ook het standbeeld 'Le Lion Amoreux' van G. Geefs was terug te vinden in de Belgische sectie.
België stelde op Expo 1851 zijn kennis in de textielsector tentoon. Zo waren er verschillende koninklijke fabrieken die tapijten, doeken en stoffen produceerden, gerepresenteerd op de expo. De textielindustrie in België boomde op dat moment. België stond niet enkel gekend voor de prachtige ontwerpen, maar ook voor de innovatieve technieken en materialen die er in het land gebruikt werden.
Daarnaast kon er in de Belgische sectie in Crystal Palace ook bijgeleerd worden over de vervaardiging van kant.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1897 Brussels
Expo 1897 Brussel vond plaats van 10 mei tot 8 november onder het thema 'Modern Life'. Het Jubelpark bleek de ideale locatie te zijn voor zo'n wereldtentoonstelling. In 1875 werd het militair oefenterrein dat zich op die locatie bevond omgevormd tot het indrukwekkende park dat vandaag Jubelpark heet.
In 1897 verwelkomde het Jubelpark 26 deelnemende landen en naties, alsook de Belgische provincies en verschillende thematische galerijen. Die galerijen toonden de laatste innovaties van het moment, zoals boilers, ventilatiesystemen en meer. Andere galerijen werden dan weer gewijd aan sociale economie en hygiëne.
Ook de grootste Belgische steden waren vertegenwoordigd met een eigen paviljoen. Het Brusselse paviljoen was volledig in Gotische stijl gemaakt en bevatte replica's van Manneken Pis, le Cracheur en les Trois Pucelles.
De Belgische moderniteit werd in de kijker gezet. De wereldtentoonstelling was daarom ook een echte mijlpaal voor de Art Nouveau beweging. Ook de officiële poster voor deze expo werd in die stijl ontworpen.
Victor Horta bouwde voor de expo het "Paviljoen der Menselijke Driften" of het Horta-Lambeauxpaviljoen. Het paviljoen was het eerste gebouw van de hand van deze architect. Horta zou daarna een echte pionier worden in de beweging. Het paviljoen is bovendien het enige bouwwerk dat vandaag nog van deze expo overblijft.
Dankzij deze wereldtentoonstelling die zo'n 6 miljoen bezoekers kon verwelkomen, verspreidde Art nouveau zich over heel de wereld. De expo zorgde in België ook voor een sterke vooruitgang in spoor- en wegeninfrastructuur.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1905 Liège
De wereldtentoonstelling van 1905 in Luik vond plaats in het jaar van de 75ste verjaardag van de Belgische onafhankelijkheid.
De expo, die plaatsvond in de Hoge Venen in Luik, legde een focus op de prestaties van Belgische wetenschappers, dokters en ingenieurs. Daar werden voor de expo nieuwe bruggen en straten aangelegd. Een voorbeeld daarvan is de Fragnéebrug, die tegenwoordig nog steeds een oversteek biedt over de Maas.
Het Palais des beaux-arts, dat vandaag dienst doet als museum, werd voor de expo gebouwd in het Parc de la Boverie.
Voor de expo werd er een heel aantal huizen bijgebouwd in 'Waalse stijl'. De kathedraal Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Lambert de Liège werd nagebouwd op het expoterrein, naast 80 paviljoenen. Voor die tijd was het een van de grootste wereldtentoonstellingen die ooit georganiseerd waren. Enkel in Frankrijk en de Verenigde Staten pakten de organisatoren het al eerder zo groots aan.
Voor deze expo werd er opvallend veel moeite gedaan om internationale bezoekers aan te trekken. Zo was er veel aandacht vanuit Frankrijk, maar Expo 1905 mocht ook een heel aantal hoogwaardigheidsbekleders verwelkomen uit nog verdere oorden. Zo was er hoog bezoek vanuit Rusland, Perzië en Japan.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1910 Brussels
In het begin van de 20ste eeuw verwierf België internationale erkenning dankzij zijn industriële ontwikkeling en het succes van de expo's in het verleden. België wilde die positie versterken aan de hand van Expo 1910 Brussels en wilde zich positioneren als strategisch kruispunt tussen Duitsland, het Verenigd Koninkrijk en Frankrijk.
De expo besteedde veel aandacht aan kolonisatie, gezien de expo plaatsvond tijdens het hoogtepunt van de kolonisatieperiode. Bezoekers konden een bezoek brengen aan het Algerijnse, Indochinese, Malagassische of Tunesische paviljoen.
Het expoterrein bevond zich op het Solbosplateau, waar de ULB haar hoofdcampus in 1920 zou vestigen. Op andere plaatsen in de Brusselse omgeving werden ook specifieke secties ingericht, zoals de sectie van schone kunsten in het Jubelpark en een sectie gewijd aan de kolonisatie in Tervuren. Het museum in Tervuren werd gebouwd voor de voorgaande wereldtentoonstelling in Brussel, Expo 1897.
Ook deze expo was een enorme bijdragen voor de territoriale uitbreiding en urbanisatie van de stad Brussel. Brussels Kermess was het hoogtepunt van de expo voor vele bezoekers. De expo huisde vele congressen voor experts waarin onderwerpen zoals tuinbouw, internationale associaties, tropische astronomie of intellectueel eigendom aan bod kwamen.
Expo 1910 Brussels verliep niet zonder slag of stoot. Op 14 augustus 1910 brak er brand uit, waardoor de Brussels Kermess, de Engelse sectie en een gedeelte van de Franse sectie beschadigd werden.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1913 Ghent
De wereldtentoonstelling van 1913 vond plaats in Sint-Pieters-Aalst in Gent. Daar bevindt zich tegenwoordig onder andere het Citadelpark en het Miljoenenkwartier.
In 1899 organiseerde Gent reeds een provinciale tentoonstelling. Die tentoonstelling was zo'n groot succes dat de stad Gent besliste zich kandidaat te stellen voor de wereldtentoonstelling in 1913.
De exposite omvatte een grotere oppervlakte dan eender welke andere wereldtentoonstelling die reeds plaatsvond in België. De grootste Europese landen, de Verenigde Staten, Canada, Argentinië en Perzië tekenden allemaal present met eigen paviljoenen. Andere landen werden ondergebracht in de International Hall. Wat betreft deelnemersaantal was de expo ook een immens succes.
De Gentse expo creëerde een kans voor de stad om het stadscentrum en vooral de Graslei te renoveren. Het station van Gent-Sint-Pieters werd zelfs voor de expo gebouwd.
De zone van het 'Oude Vlaanderen' was een van de meest bezochte van de hele expo. Dit stuk moest de vele vernieuwingen tonen die Vlaanderen de laatste jaren had doorgemaakt.
Het was de laatste grote expo in Europa voor de uitbraak van de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Helaas werden heel wat bouwwerken die voor de expo gebouwd waren, verwoest.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1933 Chicago
In 1933 vond de wereldtentoonstelling voor de tweede keer plaats in Chicago, Illinois. De Amerikaanse grootstad kende in de jaren '20 van de vorige eeuw heel wat criminaliteit en werd geplaagd door de maffia. De turbulente situatie noopte de stad om de wereldtentoonstelling als kans aan te grijpen om zich een beter imago aan te meten.
De expo nam heel wat ruimte bij Burnham Park in, aan Lake Michigan. Zoals voor elke wereldtentoonstelling werd er een slogan bedacht: "A Century of Progress".
Omwille van de crash van de Amerikaanse aandelenmarkt op 28 October 1929, ook wel gekend als "Black Tuesday", konden slechts 19 landen deelnemen. België was daar één van.
België bouwde een "Belgian Village". Het werd een soort "klein België" waar replica's van de Oostendse Poort, het Sint-Niklaasgodshuis van Antwerpen, de middeleeuwse poorten van de stad Brugge en zelfs typische huizen met hoge puntgevels te bezichtigen waren.
Bezoekers waanden zich er in België: ze konden wandelen over geplaveide straten, ze zagen witte ganzen, oude molens, een oude smid... Ook de bekende Belgische veters werden gemaakt in het Belgische dorp. Elke middag en avond werden er optredens georganiseerd waar er volksdansen opgevoerd werden door boerenmeisjes in typische oud-Vlaamse klederdracht.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1935 Brussels
De wereldtentoonstelling van 1935 in Brussel was de eerste die gehouden werd onder toezicht van het Bureau International des Expositions (BIE). Van 27 april en 3 november 1935 vond de expo plaats rond het thema "Transport" en het vieren van het honderdjarige bestaan van de eerste spoorlijn op het Europese vasteland, namelijk die tussen Brussel en Mechelen.
Er werd afgesproken dat zowel Antwerpen als Luik eeuwfeestmanifestaties mochten organiseren met Brussel als gastheer.
Het Jubelstadion - nu bekend als het Koning Boudewijnstadion - dat op 23 augustus 1930 werd geopend, was het eerste bouwwerk als onderdeel van de nieuwe wijk die vanaf dan op de Heizelvlakte ontwikkeld zou worden.
De tentoonstellingspaleizen en vooral de centrale hal waren de meest herkenbare symbolen van de Expo als echte visitekaartjes van de nieuwste technieken op het gebied van ontwerp en constructie. De centrale hal was gewijd aan transport, het thema van de Expo, met op de gevel vier standbeelden die respectievelijk een eerbetoon waren aan de zeilvaart, het paardentransport, de stoomkracht en de luchtvaart.
In economisch moeilijke tijden was de ontwikkeling van de Heizelvlakte een gedurfd project dat werkgelegenheid creëerde en een belangrijk nieuw tentoonstellingscomplex opleverde. Expo 1935 speelde een belangrijke rol in de stadsuitbreiding van Brussel en maakte de weg vrij voor de ontwikkeling van Laken en wat later de locatie van de wereldtentoonstelling van 1958 zou worden.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1937 Paris
De wereldtentoonstelling van 1937 had als thema "Arts and Techniques in Modern Life". Het expoterrein strekte zich uiteindelijk veel verder uit dan voorzien. Het omvatte de Trocadéro, de Champ de Mars en de kades van de Seine tussen de bruggen van Alma en Passy.
De expo vond plaats te midden van een economische crisis en onderging tal van vertragingen omwille van veranderingen in leiderschap en locatie, maar ook overstromingen en stakingen.
Toch namen maar liefst 44 landen deel. Het Belgisch paviljoen bestond uit drie gebouwen. Het hoofdpaviljoen stelde marmer en wandtapijten met een religieus thema tentoon, met daarop taferelen van de Belgische 'Ommegang' die in vele Belgische steden georganiseerd werden. Er was ook een eerbetoon aan de Belgische arbeiders, het "Monument au Travail" van de "copères". De inwoners van Dinant droegen die naam.
Naast het officiële paviljoen had België ook een wintertuin waarin de Belgische bloemsierkunst tentoongesteld werd. Ten slotte was er ook een toeristische galerie. Daarin waren gewone tot luxeproducten te vinden.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1939 New York
Waar voorheen de vuilnisbelt van Queens te vinden viel, verrees een heus expoterrein. Dankzij de wereldtentoonstelling van 1939 werd de grond gesaneerd zodat ze voortaan voor andere doeleinden gebruikt kon worden. Opnieuw in een context van economische crisis poogde deze expo het succes van Expo 1933 Chicago na te bootsen, in de hoop de slechte herinneringen aan de economische crisis uit te wissen.
Het werd een lofzang aan kapitalisme, consumentisme en democratie, maar het uitbreken van de Tweede Wereldoorlog was een heuse domper op de feestvreugde. Het conflict kreeg zelfs een prominente plaats, zodat het publiek geïnformeerd werd over het ontwikkelingen in Europa. Voor het publiek bleek Expo 1939 New York een groot succes met meer dan 45 miljoen bezoekers. Dat was echter niet genoeg om alle gemaakte kosten te kunnen terugverdienen.
De expo vond plaats op de 150ste verjaardag van de overheid van George Washington en de nieuwe grondwet, maar de focus lag vooral op de toekomst met het thema 'The World of Tomorrow'. De positieve impact van technologieën werden het middelpunt van de expo.
Op 16 november 1936 nodigde president Roosevelt landen uit de hele wereld uit om deel te nemen aan het evenement. 58 landen reageerden bevestigend, waaronder België. Het Belgische paviljoen op Expo 1939 kreeg de namen "Bells for Peace" en "Belgian Friendship Pavilion". Het gebouw werd ontworpen door architect Henry Van de Velde en werd is herbestemd door de Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia. De universiteit gebruikt het gebouw nog steeds voor basketbalwedstrijden.
Het Belgisch paviljoen stond in het teken van het eren van het verleden en het verzekeren van een betere toekomst.
Opmerkelijk was dat bedrijfspaviljoenen prominenter geplaatst werden dan nationale paviljoenen. De organisatoren geloofden namelijk meer in de voordelen van kapitalisme dan nationalisme.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1939 Liège
In 1939, the Belgian city of Liège organised a Special Expo to celebrate the completion of the 122-kilometre-long Albert Canal. Work on the Albert Canal took 10 years, so a celebration was certainly in order. The expo was regarded as the starting point for the redevelopment of the Walloon Region. The theme of this expo was ‘Water Management’.
The aim was to highlight the importance of water as a resource for energy supply, development and mutual cooperation. All the exhibition activities took place on the banks of the Meuse.
The event was internationally acclaimed for its well-organised grandeur. The organisers believed in the power of urban planning and ensured that all the buildings met technical, social and cultural expectations.
Eight countries had a pavilion at the Expo: Germany, Egypt, France, Luxembourg, Norway, the Netherlands and Sweden. The French and German pavilions were the most prominent. A clear reflection of the political tensions of the time was that the two countries were situated directly opposite one another at the exhibition.
The Expo was originally scheduled to run until November 1939, but closed its doors on 2 September following the outbreak of war in Europe. Despite this sad ending, a large part of the Expo site was later converted into a social housing estate for the city, known as Droixhe.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1949 Port-au-Prince
Expo 1949 in Port-au-Prince, also known as ‘The Festival of Peace’, provided the Haitian government, led by Dumarsais Estimé, with an opportunity to attract international attention and develop Haiti’s tourism sector.
The expo marked the 200th anniversary of the founding of Port-au-Prince. It provided an opportunity to modernise the city and redevelop the area around Gonave Bay. The expo was accompanied by major publicity campaigns by the Haitian government in the United States and Latin America.
The exhibition ultimately attracted 250,000 visitors. A large number of new hotels were built to accommodate tourists. Sanitary facilities in the city also improved.
The pavilions housing the post office, the tourist office, the illuminated fountain and the open-air theatre were later converted into official government buildings, surrounded by palm trees and modern structures, including the central park and the botanical garden. The Belgian pavilion was one of these.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1958
The 1958 World Expo took place in the Belgian capital, Brussels, from 17 April to 19 October 1958. The exhibition site can still be found at the Heysel, although only a few buildings remain.
With the theme "Building a world on a human scale", the exhibition covered some 200 hectares. More than 42 million people visited the event, which featured 44 participating countries and organisations.
Belgium put itself forward as a candidate to host the exhibition on 7 May 1948 and was selected in November 1953.
Belgium decided to submit a bid to host the event during the post-World War II reconstruction period. It felt encouraged to do so by the financial success of Expo 1935.
The World Expo was originally scheduled for 1955, but as the host country could not be selected until after the armistice in the Korean War in 1953, the event was postponed by three years.
Expo 1958 was the first World’s Fair to be held after the Second World War. This symbolism largely determined the theme: freedom and progress, which were also central themes throughout the 1950s and 1960s. King Baudouin opened the World’s Fair, issuing a call for peace and social and economic progress.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1962 Seattle
The exhibition in Seattle was organised under the banner of "Man in the Space Age". Expo 1962 Seattle focused on scientific progress and was a tribute to the "American Way of Life". In this way, the United States sought to soften the blow of the Soviets’ successful space programme.
There were five main themes: the World of Science; the World of the 21st Century; the World of Commerce and Industry; and the World of Entertainment. Yet space travel was at the heart of the “Century 21 Exposition”. The site was therefore dominated by a symbol of space travel: John Graham’s Space Needle.
Architectural innovation was not confined to the Needle. Paul Thiry designed the futuristic Coliseum. That structure is now known as the Key Arena and was built for the Washington State Pavilion. For the U.S. Science Pavilion, now the Pacific Science Center, architect Minoru Yamasaki combined Japanese and Gothic aesthetics. The national pavilions were joined by numerous American corporate pavilions.
Impressive displays showed how experts envisaged people living, working, playing and travelling in the 21st century. Art also featured prominently at the fair, with 72 masterpieces by artists such as Titian, El Greco, Caravaggio, Rembrandt, Rubens, Toulouse-Lautrec, Monet, Klee, Braque and Picasso.
Among the 44 participating countries, Belgium stood out: Walter Cleyman introduced Belgian waffles to America on 21 April 1962, and it was a resounding success. To this day, Belgian waffles are regarded as the surprise hit of the expo. Over a period of six months, Cleyman sold half a million waffles.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1967 Montreal
The 1967 World Expo was originally due to be held in Moscow and was to coincide with the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. However, when the Soviet Union withdrew its bid in 1962, Montreal was chosen as the host city.
Expo 1967 in Montreal coincided with the 100th anniversary of the Canadian Confederation and also took place 325 years after the city’s founding. The theme of the expo was “The Planet of Mankind”. Inspiration for that theme came from Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s book *La Terre des Hommes*, which dealt with the universal problems of humanity and which, in turn, drew inspiration from Expo ’58.
In addition to scientific, technological and industrial progress, this exhibition also promoted social responsibility and environmental awareness. Expo '67 was undoubtedly one of the most successful editions. It attracted more than 50 million visitors, even though Canada had a population of just 20 million.
The Belgian pavilion was themed around the slogan “Nothing human is foreign to the Belgian”. It encapsulates the essence of the country’s presentation: a comprehensive overview of the many fields in which Belgium has distinguished itself.
Through the pavilion’s architecture, Belgium highlighted some of the country’s strengths. The pavilion showcased masterpieces by Belgian artists from various disciplines. Furthermore, the different sections featured audiovisual presentations focusing on democratic freedoms, social progress and Belgium’s tourist attractions, as well as a scientific presentation, notable historical figures and elegant cuisine.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1970 Osaka
The 1970 Osaka Expo was the first World Expo to be held in Japan and Asia. The theme of the Expo was ‘Progress and Harmony for Mankind’. A record was set with 77 participating countries and over 64 million visitors. These figures were not surpassed until 2010, when Shanghai hosted a World Expo.
The exhibition took place against the backdrop of the Cold War and in the aftermath of the Second World War. At that time, Japan was experiencing significant economic development. The aim of the Expo was to promote peace and create a common ground through the global advancement of technological civilisation. At the same time, Japan also sought to use the Expo to tackle contemporary issues, such as environmental degradation and poverty.
The Belgian pavilion was located in the eastern section of the site and had the official theme ‘You and Us’. It portrayed a simple and humane Belgium that strove for a better human condition through brotherhood and peace.
The pavilion was a harmonious blend of traditional Belgian and Japanese architectural features. The garden depicted the national territory. Furthermore, the pavilion was divided into the sections ‘Present’ (where Belgians could be seen at work), ‘Past’ (featuring a succession of paintings, tapestries, jewellery and other historical artefacts) and ‘Future’ (with a focus on technological evolution).
Belgium wanted to convey the message that humanism would keep mechanisation in check. Naturally, gastronomy was a key feature of the pavilion.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 1992 Seville
As soon as Juan Carlos I ascended the throne following General Franco’s death, he announced that the country would host a world exhibition. Sixteen years later, with Expo 1992 in Seville, the country was able to showcase its cultural diversity.
The exhibition was largely organised during the Cold War, but the opening took place after the Cold War had ended, which had significant implications for the organisation of the event. Following the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany, there was no longer a single pavilion to represent the country, but just one.
The theme of the Expo was 'The Age of Discovery', to mark the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s discovery of the Americas. Isla de la Cartuja, where the explorer is said to have lived prior to his voyage, was chosen as the venue for the Expo.
Belgium, a country situated at the crossroads of major European routes and a host to diverse cultures, whose contribution to human discovery and progress, and whose international vocation, are, at the dawn of the 21st century, more relevant and tangible than ever. That was the message the Belgian Pavilion sought to convey to its visitors through a variety of themes.
The first theme highlighted Belgium’s central position in Europe and Brussels’ role as a European hub. The second theme focused on the past and present contributions of Belgians to a better understanding and preservation of our planet and to the exploration of the universe.
Belgians have always been inventive and have played an active part in the great wave of scientific and technological discoveries. The third theme was dedicated to them. Belgium was and remains one of the most fertile grounds for humanity: intellectual life and the arts. The fourth theme was intended to demonstrate this.
"Belgium is also a unique model of coexistence between two layers, formed by three cultural communities and three regions that overlap without merging, each with its own specific characteristics." The entire ground floor was devoted to describing this reality.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2000 Hannover
Expo 2000 Hannover, Germany’s first World Expo, took place in Hannover between 1 June and 31 October 2000 and attracted 18 million visitors. The expo was organised under the theme ‘Humankind – Nature – Technology’ and embodied the objectives and principles of the Agenda 21 action plan, as adopted in 1992 by the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro.
Germany – which had only just been reunified – called on countries from all over the world to present their vision for a future society and to propose governance models and policy measures aimed at achieving a better balance between people, nature and technology.
For both the organiser and the participants, it was essential that the development of the venue complied with strict guidelines on sustainable development, as set out in the Hannover Principles.
The Belgian pavilion was known as the Peppermint Pavilion. Today, the building in Expo Park Hannover is used as an events venue and as the headquarters of the record label Peppermint Jam and the recording studio Peppermint Park. It is owned by the music producer Mousse T.
The pavilion, designed by Groep Planning CV, contained various exhibition spaces where the different Belgian regions showcased themselves. The restaurant is still in operation today.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2005 Aichi
Expo 2005 Aichi took place from 25 March to 25 September 2005 in Aichi Prefecture and attracted 22.05 million visitors, far exceeding the expected 15 million. The theme of the expo was ‘Nature’s Wisdom’, based on the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The exhibition was designed and built with the theme in mind and underwent a thorough environmental assessment. Existing woodland and ponds were incorporated into the exhibition, ensuring that the built-up area had a minimal impact on the surrounding environment.
The Belgian Pavilion tells the story of how Belgian artists, from Van Eyck to contemporary designers, viewed the natural world around them. The way in which they incorporated this natural world into their work has not only produced artworks that are still admired today, but has also influenced the society in which they lived.
The exhibitions combined artistic imagination with cutting-edge technology. One example was the area dedicated to the ‘Regions and Communities’, where state-of-the-art equipment projected an image of Belgium. There was also a children’s play area.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2008 Zaragoza
Following the success of the 1992 World Expo in Seville, the Spanish city of Zaragoza has launched a project to organise a Specialised Expo as a means of stimulating investment and promoting development, particularly along the banks of the River Ebro.
In view of the pressing issue of water resource management and the city’s own experience at the confluence of two major river systems, the theme “Water & Sustainable Development” was chosen for Expo 2008, which coincided with the 200th anniversary of the First Siege of Zaragoza.
The Belgian pavilion followed the concept of an installation and a journey. It was based on the natural cycle of water in Belgium and this unique landscape between sky and earth, where horizons merge.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2010 Shanghai
Expo 2010 Shanghai took place between 1 May and 31 October 2010 and had the theme "Better City, Better Life", in a city known for its growth, its ambitious projects and its unique way of life. In 2010, more than one in two people worldwide lived in a city, raising questions about social integration, sustainability, safety, hygiene and mobility. With an urban population of 23 million, Shanghai was considered the ideal location to propose solutions to these pressing issues.
With the largest site in the history of World Expos – 523 hectares – the Chinese authorities embarked on a major project to redevelop the area between the Nanpu and Lupu bridges in central Shanghai, on both sides of the Huangpu River.
In addition to its sheer scale, Expo 2010 Shanghai also broke records in terms of international participation and visitor numbers. A total of 246 countries and international organisations took part in the expo. Over the six months of the expo, more than 73 million visitors passed through its gates.
The Belgian pavilion was designed by Conix Architects in collaboration with JV Realys. The structure of a brain cell serves as the dominant conceptual image for the pavilion. It aims to evoke Belgium’s artistic and scientific wealth and the country’s central position within Europe.
The brain cell also directly refers to Belgium’s role as one of Europe’s key crossroads where three major cultural traditions converge: the Latin, Germanic and Anglo-Saxon traditions. Belgium, which is closely linked to its neighbouring countries, has always been a ‘place of balance’ where people have come together with shared interests that transcend their national concerns.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2012 Yeosu
Expo 2012 Yeosu was dedicated to the theme "The Living Ocean and Coast: Diversity of Resources and Sustainable Activities". It explored the role of the ocean and the coast as sources of life and regulators of the ecosystem, which are coming under increasing pressure from threats such as industrial development along the coast, overexploitation of marine resources and pollution.
Bezoeker werden ook meegenomen naar een jaarlijkse kermis aan de Belgische kust. Wandelend langs carrousels werd men ondergedompeld in een rijke culturele geschiedenis, maar natuurlijk was er ook een prominente plek voor diamanten en chocolade.
The walk took us past panoramic views of the Belgian coast, with its dunes and swaying grass, beautiful sandy beaches and the turbulent North Sea.
The pavilion was divided into three sections: the first section, which outlined the relationship between Belgium and the ocean; the gift shop; and a gourmet restaurant.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Floriade 2012 Venlo
The international horticultural exhibition Expo 2012 Venlo was the sixth Floriade organised under the auspices of the BIE. Floriade 2012 Venlo was opened on 4 April 2012 by Queen Beatrix and welcomed over 2 million visitors, 52% of whom were from abroad. The exhibition was organised under the theme ‘Be part of the theatre of nature; get closer to the quality of life’.
The Dutch Horticultural Council wanted to ensure that the visitor experience left a lasting positive impression, which is why the ‘cradle-to-cradle’ sustainability principle was adopted. This innovative principle was developed in collaboration with the German chemist Michael Braungart and the American architect William McDonough, and is based on circularity and sustainability, with a focus on the recycling of raw materials.
The Belgian pavilion was intended to be a place of tranquillity at Floriade 2012 in Venlo. The public were the main attraction in the Belgian pavilion. Viewing points were created within a monochrome space.
The pavilion was surrounded by grasses and planted with a variety of complementary plants. The focus regarding materials was primarily on sustainability and reuse. It was intended to create an experience where people come together for a variety of reasons.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2015 Milan
In 2015, the World Expo was held in Milan, Italy, under the theme ‘Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life’. The Expo addressed one of the greatest challenges of the modern age and raised questions about food production, healthy eating, population growth, waste reduction and the efficient use of natural resources.
Het hoofdthema werd onderverdeeld in zeven sub-thema's: science for food safety, security and quality; innovation in the agro-food supply chain; technology for agriculture and biodiversity; dietary education; solidarity and cooperation on food; food for better lifestyles; en food in the world’s cultures and ethnic groups.
139 internationale deelnemers besteedden op verschillende manieren aandacht aan het thema duurzame voeding van de Expo. Het Belgische paviljoen werd bekroond voor design, duurzaam bouwen en alternatieve voedselproductiemethoden. Het ontwerp door architect Patrick Genard uit Namen was gebaseerd op een innovatief stedenbouwkundig concept dat biodiversiteit bevordert in het centrum van de stad.
The Belgian pavilion received a special award in the ‘Design and Materials of the Building’ category, specifically for its renewable energy systems, such as photovoltaic solar panels, wind turbines, heat pumps and wastewater treatment. It was also recognised in the "Other Special Initiatives" category for the alternative food production methods of the city of the future: hydroponics, aquaponics and insects.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2019 Beijing
Organised around the theme "Live Green, Live Better", Expo 2019 Beijing was dedicated to people’s shared desire for a green lifestyle and to helping humanity adapt to, respect and integrate with nature.
The Expo was situated along the Guishui River in Beijing’s Yanqing District, at the foot of the Great Wall, and the enclosed site covered a total of approximately 503 hectares, making it the largest horticultural exhibition ever organised. The Expo, in which 110 countries and international organisations took part, was open between 29 April and 7 October 2019 and welcomed 9.34 million visitors.
The firm "Nicolas Godelet 戈建 Architects & Engineers" designed a garden reminiscent of the Belgian countryside. The landscape opened out onto a lawn and a hill fringed with trees. In the distance, a “cloud” sheltered a structured garden featuring an interplay of curves and symmetrical lines. This flower-filled space housed treasured objects from Belgian painting, poetry and sculpture. In the centre, a table invited visitors to spend some time in this little corner of Belgium and enjoy some of its finest produce.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2020 Dubai
As the first World Expo in the Middle East, Africa and South Asia (MEASA) region, Expo 2020 Dubai welcomed visitors from all corners of the globe. With more than 200 participating entities, including countries, international organisations, companies and educational institutions, Expo 2020 Dubai became the largest and most diverse World Expo ever, despite the postponement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
The theme in Dubai was "Connecting Minds, Creating the Future". Over a six-month period, the Expo site welcomed around 24 million visitors. 192 countries and 10 international organisations were represented at Expo 2020 Dubai.
Expo 2020 Dubai was divided into three sub-themes: sustainability, opportunity and mobility. The Belgian pavilion was built in the Mobility district and had the theme "Smart and Green Belgium 2050". The pavilion was designed by Assar Architects & Vincent Callebout Architectures and built by BESIX Group.
The Belgian pavilion was named "The Green Arch", a reference to its abundance of greenery and its futuristic design featuring solid wood. The building was conceived as a tribute to the circular economy, to materials of biological and geological origin, to the integration of bioclimatic principles and renewable energy, and to the preservation of biodiversity and nature.
The pavilion offered visitors a large, shaded and naturally ventilated agora, thanks to its location directly in the path of Dubai’s prevailing west-east winds.
The pavilion served Belgian specialities such as chips, waffles and chocolate, as well as a more extensive menu in the bistronomic restaurant.
The exhibition layout was divided into four zones: a futuristic escalator transported visitors to Belgium in 2050. The "Future Mobility Lab" space housed exhibitions by the three regions on their strategies for sustainable and low-carbon mobility. In the “Main Show”, visitors were taken on an immersive video projection experience showcasing a sustainable and resilient Belgian skyline for 2050. Finally, the “Belgium Mobility Hub” invited everyone to use AR to imagine themselves in Belgian cities.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Floriade 2022 Almere
In 2022, we travelled to Almere in the Netherlands for the seventh edition of the decennial international horticultural exhibition "Floriade". Floriade 2022 Almere took place from 14 April to 9 October 2022 and had the theme "Growing Green Cities".
At this international horticultural exhibition, Belgium created a Belgian garden under the direction of architect Nicolas Godelet and contractor Bert Dautzenberg.
The Belgian garden was honoured with the "Special Award dedicated to Sustainability". In doing so, the organisers recognised the key themes of the Belgian garden: sustainability, ecology and biodegradable materials.
De jury loofde België met de volgende woorden: "The Belgian garden is full of edible flowers and plants. The Belgium pavilion is small, but big in design, with geometric, playful and contemporary design and extremely sustainable. All the materials are fully reusable or biodegradable. “Without human intervention, the pavilion could decompose naturally. For example cross-laminated timber was used that is fully recyclable, the walls and tiles of the courtyard were made of compressed, non-baked stones from earth combined with bioplastic based on algae starch.”
So, for Belgium, Floriade 2022 in Almere was a success. Nevertheless, the future of Floriade remains uncertain: the organisers had expected to reach the two-million-visitor mark, but ultimately welcomed only around 600,000 visitors.
Belgium at the International Exhibitions
Expo 2025 Osaka
Belgium attracted nearly 900,000 visitors in Osaka. In the history of Belgian pavilions, this translucent building stood out for its thematic content, which was more elaborate than ever before.
Read all about it on the dedicated page.
